And simply adds information without capturing the concession (despite the obstacle) relationship; the three ideas are loosely connected rather than precisely integrated.
PRIMARY 4 · ENGLISH
Synthesis
Top 5 mistakes
Ranked by how often they appear across 12 MOE-aligned practice questions in our archive.
Although having is grammatically incorrect — although introduces a full clause, not a participial phrase (despite having is the correct form). Additionally, so it changed creates two separate ideas rather than integrating the third sentence as a relative clause.
Because introduces a cause — but having little funding is an obstacle, not the reason for the discovery. This option reverses the logical relationship from concession to cause.
'So' shows the congestion reduction CAUSED the cost increase. But the two effects are independent trade-offs of the same policy, not one causing the other.
'Unless' introduces a condition meaning 'except if'. This changes the meaning to: the policy only reduced congestion if costs did NOT increase, which contradicts the two facts given.
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